Is extreme obedience necessary for society Essay

Is outrageous compliance fundamental for society - Essay Example Outrageous dutifulness prompts consistence of accepted practices in the public eye. It guarantees that individuals adhere to the set principles in the public eye, in this way advancing lawfulness in the general public. Such acquiescence makes it simple for power bodies to apply laws, which advance conjunction in the general public. The acquiescence additionally makes it conceivable to build up pecking orders in associations as there must be individuals at the head of an association, just as subordinates for associations to work adequately. The Milgrim explore gives a case that delineates consistence to extraordinary acquiescence. The examination included an exploration planned for considering the impacts of discipline on learning. The subjects of the examination were given the job of an instructor, and were intended to cause another subject to gain proficiency with a rundown of word sets (McLeod, 1). They were then to give the student an electric stun, and increment the stun level each time the student committed an error. 66% of the instructors utilized in the analysis directed the most significant level of the electric stun, in spite of the student grumbling of torment. This examination indicated that power figures have ability to apply outrageous compliance regarding their matters. The instructors were directed by a position to control significant levels of agony, and a large portion of them acted in light of the orders, along these lines controlling the most significant level of the electric stun. In any case, 33% of the exploration subjects didn't regulate the most elevated level of the electric stun, which implies that not every person follows the provided arranges carefully. The Zimbardo prison pretend included the utilization of understudies to assume the job of detainees and watchmen (Zimbardo 1). The individuals who took up the job of watchmen acted in extraordinary mercilessness, while those in the job of detainees acted in complete compliance to the gatekeepers. This indicated individuals, and for this situation the detainees will in general obey orders given by power figures. Extraordinary compliance helps in guaranteeing that rules are

Research Paper for Master of Midwifery Details to follow Essay

Exploration Paper for Master of Midwifery Details to follow - Essay Example to these are the advancement of quick indicative apparatuses in sub-atomic science like the polymerase chain response, microarray innovation and DNA sequencing offices (Berg et al, 2002; Mathews andVan Holde, 1996). In obstetrics, numerous antenatal tests are offered at various gestational periods (British Columbia Reproductive Care Program, 2003). Alternatives for hereditary testing are given to the mother once she presents as pregnant after the rules set by the country’s National Health Service (Department of Health, 2007). Issues that encompass antenatal hereditary screening are those that relate to the security of the hatchling and the mother because of the examining techniques, the suggestions for the end of the pregnancy if the tests come out with a forecast or recognition of genuine hereditary disease, the arrangement for an educated decision to the mother as well as father, and the jobs that the clinical specialist play during the antenatal period (Rothenberg and Thomson, 1994; Kent, 2005). The point of this paper is to introduce fundamental antenatal screening strategies, the challenges and hereditary advising related with the dynamic procedure towards pregnancy end, the jobs that medicinal services work force play during this period, and antenatal consideration of the mother who settles on the destiny of her unborn youngster. Every individual is not the same as all others in view of his unmistakable DNA. This DNA codes for his qualities, and these qualities are meant the proteins or catalysts that are associated with essential metabolic procedures of life (Mathews and Van Holde, 1996; Alberts et al,2002). When there is an imperfection in the hereditary code, an incorrect protein is delivered and the metabolic procedure where this protein takes an interest in is influenced bringing about ailment. There are numerous reasons for hereditary imperfections on account of the few basic procedures prompting the right interpretation of the protein code (Kornberg and Baker, 2005). Single blunders or changes in duplicating a bit of DNA can lead a

Management and Indian Culture Essay

1. Assess the administrative style of Brian Moseley and clarify how it fits with Indian culture. Be explicit in recognizing any errors Brian made in overseeing Indian laborers. * Brian talked with supervisors and workers, gave careful consideration of discussions (3 months) * Identified representatives whom he felt ought to be supplanted and whom had most prominent potential for progression * After 3 months, met with ranking directors and recommended that they aggregately figure turnaround methodology * Suggested changes, for example, pay-for-execution programs, yearly execution surveys, the executives by destinations, 360-execution examination program * Highly disappointed, he now and again censured individuals from administrative group before subordinates relationship with administrators turned out to be progressively stressed * â€Å"Big Boss† chief who had small comprehension of Indian culture * Rajan censured Brian as being too immediate and mighty â€Å"culturally imperialistic†, saying Brian was excessively youthful, worried that Brian was attempting to change culture to fit American Management * His style of the executives was excessively immediate and intense, didn’t fit with the Indian culture at all as they are progressively loose and laid back. * He committed the error by attempting to compel it upon all the supervisors and on the off chance that they didn’t surrender, they should simply stop, which they did. 2. Rank the accompanying principals and legitimize the positioning regarding obligation regarding the absence of progress at the Bindi Brake Company: Brian, Rajan, Aspen, the Indian Manager. * Brian †Although he was exceptionally eager to actualize transform, he didn’t execute the change as indicated by the distinctions in societies that India is familiar with. He made a decent attempt to actualize an American system instead of adjusting to the way of life encompassing him. * Indian Manager †I accept that hes the most capable in light of the fact that individuals that work for the organization admire the supervisor, tunes in to the chief and will acknowledge changes in the organization if the director requests that they do as such. In light of their refusal to acknowledge transforms, they didn’t start or actualize the techniques towards their representatives, which made it substantially more hard to execute change. * Rajan †he was being obstinate and not tuning in to his coordinating official. Despite the fact that he didn’t have confidence in the change procedure, he could’ve in any event endeavored to execute the change inside the workers to check whether it would make the organization progressively productive. His refusal to acknowledge obligation and make a move caused the company’s plans to come up short. * Aspen †sent a representative who they thought was experienced and capable to finish the activity. 3. What could every one of the above-named principals have done another way to maintain a strategic distance from the circumstance? * Brian †adjusted to the way of life as opposed to being difficult and attempting to actualize a totally new culture into an association that isn’t acquainted with it * Indian Manager †tune in to his leader and endeavored to improve the organization * Rajan †rather than being negative pretty much all the thoughts, agree to them and test them and see where it goes. Offer recommendations rather than simply declining to do anything * Aspen †screen Brians progress and perceive how well he’s doing. Recruit an increasingly skilled and accommodating individual for the activity 4. What ought to Brian do now? * He ought to figure out how to adjust to the Indian culture and grow new techniques to execute so as to improve the organizations effectiveness. *  * Brian chose to coordinate hierarchical change exertion in view of his past achievements, to improve generally speaking proficiency and benefit of Bindi Brake Company * MBA in the board from Michigan State * Bindi created sensibly top notch breaks, low work costs, yet just not effective * Plant injured with organization and there was no motivator for extraordinary execution * Too numerous representatives drinking tea and associating as opposed to working * No presentation audits, pay for execution was never considered * Employees were rarely terminated, regardless of whether they were not fit and performed inadequately * Pay increments dependent on resonance, recruited dependent on connection with current representatives, high # of days off * All of the administrators were Indian and taught at Indian colleges. * Rajan Patel †concentrated in London, postgrad for Econ, Brian felt he was one of the most encouraging contender for headway, trusted that he would take lead in change in the board program * Brian got disappointed with progress by Indian Managers

Why did Henry VII win the Battle of Bosworth Essay Example

For what reason did Henry VII win the Battle of Bosworth? Paper There are various reasons why Henry VII won the Battle of Bosworth. While there were political, military and financial reasons why Henry won, the political reasons held more weight. There were long haul political reasons that contributed essentially to Henry’s achievement. For example, the marriage organized by Elizabeth Woodville and Margaret Beaufort that unified Henry and Elizabeth of York. The marriage was publically declared by Henry in 1483 in the Rennes Chapel, Brittany. The marriage not just reinforced Henry’s guarantee to the tossed and expanded his authenticity, which was significant now ever, yet it additionally expanded Henry’s support. It did this by joining the help of Elizabeth and Margaret who had recently been adversaries. This gave Henry support on the Battlefield from Lancastrians as well as some Yorkists that had upheld Edward V as well, which normally added to his triumph as he had more individuals in England supporting him. Henry’s outcast to Brittany was likewise significant in Henry’s achievement. During his multi year banish in Brittany, Henry had been gathering a court in Paris just as gathering troops for an attack. It very well may be contended that because of the assessment that Henry Tudor may be helpful in further dealings with England, Henry VII had the help and security of the Duke of Brittany. The ramifications of this and become friends with welsh outcasts were gigantically helpful to Henry. Through having this help Henry had the option to gather 1,500 French hired soldiers, more than 1,000 welsh warriors and had the help of 400-500 steadfast welsh outcasts. We will compose a custom paper test on Why did Henry VII win the Battle of Bosworth? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Why did Henry VII win the Battle of Bosworth? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Why did Henry VII win the Battle of Bosworth? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This help contributed generally to his absolute armed force of around 5,000. Without this help it appears that Henry would scarcely have had a military by any stretch of the imagination, so his outcast to Brittany was tremendously essential to his success at the Battle of Bosworth. Maybe what is similarly as essential to consider as Henry’s support, was Richard’s absence of help. Through Richard’s usurpation of the seat he had made numerous adversaries. It caused parts in the Yorkist party and caused dread and uncertainty inside the individuals. He had neglected to win the full help of the respectability and had dropped in prevalence considerably further after the presentation of his strategy which included him placing northerners in southern areas. What's more, with the theory that Richard had killed his nephews in 1483, his notoriety just dropped further. Richard’s decline in prevalence implied that individuals who not, at this point bolstered Richard would hence bolster Henry, adding once more to Henry’s bolster which added to him winning the Battle of Bosworth. There were additionally short terms political explanations for Henry’s win. For example, the job of the Stanleys on the front line. It was ostensibly the defining moment of the fight when the siblings, who had stayed unbiased looking over the fight holding back to see which armed force would start to lead the pack, chose to enter it on the Lancastrian side. Having made up almost 50% of Richard III’s armed force, this expansion of 6,500 troopers to the Lancastrian armed force brought about it being the greater armed force of the different sides. They had a strategic situation on the field, one sibling on each side of the field, which implied when they assaulted William, they could assault him from the two sides. It was a blend of having more fighters and the Stanley brother’s vital area on the combat zone that at that point prompted Richard’s passing and the finish of the fight. There were some momentary military reasons with respect to why Henry won the Battle of Bosworth. Henry’s uncle Jasper Tudor had the option to help him with his military ability anyway it was to a great extent down to military karma and chance that Henry was successful. Regardless of Richard the III having more soldiers that were better prepared, extensively more mounted force, the advantaged position on Ambien Hill and tremendously more experience of fight, the principal hour of the fight was equitably coordinated. This made Henry fortunate, as the chances were vigorously against him. It could be contended it was additionally Henry’s karma that the Stanley siblings joined his side. Nonetheless, when impasse happened Henry rode across to the Stanley’s to offer influence to join the Lancastrian side. The way that the Stanley’s did in the long run join the fight on Henry’s side gives proof that Henry’s certainty as a military head by being ground breaking and showing his drive could rather be capable in picking up the Stanleys support instead of it being totally down to karma. Richard’s strategic mistakes in the fight additionally added to why Henry won. Richard lost the chance to pick up advantage in assaulting Oxford by being excessively reluctant. This brought about Oxford propelling the primary assault on Norfolk who was then murdered. Richard’s chance taking could either show him as a strategic pioneer, or a careless one. Anyway his hazard in running after from Ambien slope to assault Henry with the plan to conceivably end the fight reverse discharges on him as it brought about his demise as he had paved the way for Henry’s schemes. It is in this way sensible to presume that Richard’s hazard taking was one more strategic blunder on his part, which helped Henry VII win. Just as political and military reasons, there were additionally monetary clarifications concerning why Henry won the Battle of Bosworth. So as to have the assets and hardware for the fight to come, a lot of cash were required. Henry had the option to pick up the fundamental financial help from Charles VIII of France because of Charles trusting this would divert Richard III from sending help to Brittany. It was this monetary help that gave Henry VII the most obvious opportunity in fight which accordingly added to his triumph. It is obvious to see that without question that the political purposes behind Henry winning the Battle of Bosworth dwarf the military and financial reasons as well as they are of more prominent significance as well. The military reasons hold little noteworthiness because of the idea of the fight. This is viably put by Charles Oman, author of The Art of War in the Middle Ages that the Battle of Bosworth â€Å"can barely be taken for genuine military examination since it was not settled by system or strategies, however by negligible treachery†. Moreover, the monetary explanation was just one piece in the jigsaw puzzle to why Henry won, while the political reasons, both long haul and short, made bigger commitments to the triumph in general not just in the development to the Battle, yet during the Battle itself.

Cultural Differences Between Us and Korea free essay sample

Numerous traditions in the USA are like the traditions of my nation, Korea. Be that as it may, a few contrasts are astounding, some are humiliating, and some are simply clever. A portion of the various traditions are identified with New Year’s festivities, supper customs, and discussion styles. To begin with, New Year’s Day is praised diversely in Korea and the United States from multiple points of view. In the USA, New Year’s Day is on January first, every new year. At the point when it becomes December 31 at 12:59:50 p. m. , individuals begin to tally down for the following year. At the point when it gets 12:00 a. m. , they give each other much love, and they make the most of their gathering. Be that as it may, Korean has an alternate occasion in their nation. Korean uses the lunar schedule to check the New Year. Lunar schedule is a schedule that depends on patterns of the lunar stage, and the principal day of a month is the day when a galactic new moon happens in a specific time zone. We will compose a custom exposition test on Social Differences Between Us and Korea or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Since Korean New Year’s Day is around one month later than New Year’s Day in the U. S. Second, Korea and the USA have various traditions with respect to supper. The proper eatery supper here as a rule has three or four courses including the hors d'oeuvre, serving of mixed greens, dish and pastry. At the point when the main course is done, the following course will be served. The primary feast for the most part incorporates meat, for example, hamburger, pork or chicken. Each feast is eaten with forks, knifes and spoons. What's more, â€Å"Starting with the blade, fork, or spoon that is most distant from your plate, work your way in, utilizing one utensil for each course,† as indicated by a creator Linda Stradley. Conversely, in Korea, most Korean food cafés are on the whole the food is served at once. The primary dish is consistently rice and soups, and it is presented with the few side dishes. The rice ought to be situated on the left side, and the soup must be put on the correct side. A spoon and chopsticks are utilized for eating. Also, as per a café Chung Dam, â€Å"Koreans eat their rice and soup with a spoon, and side dishes and the principle course with chopsticks. †(1) Last, the discussion behavior is likewise entirely unexpected among Korea and the USA. At the point when I meet an American who has a ton of inquiries for me, a portion of their inquiries are close to home and bizarre. On the off chance that I inquire as to why they posed me about that inquiry, they answer that they are simply inquisitive. It is truly awkward in light of the fact that no one approached those inquiries for me in Korea. I might be the main individual from my nation whom they have met, and they have next to no comprehension of my life. A great many people are earnestly keen on finding out about me, so now I attempt to comprehend their interest. Then again, when individuals meet new companion in Korea, they never pose a ton of inquiries, regardless of whether they are extremely inquisitive about new companion. Korean imagines that is impolite, and it makes new companion awkward. Customarily, Korean culture depends on Confucianism, so Korean thinks it is imperative to regard people’s security and be increasingly extensive and quiet. To summarize, the USA and Korea have some various societies. These two nations have huge contrasts about New Year’s Day, Dinner style, Conversation decorum. Some American traditions make me awkward and are unordinary for me. In any case, I think it is essential to comprehend the contrasts between the two nations. At the point when I comprehend these distinctions and attempt to get them, it helps make me make companion here and get them. Social Differences Between US and Korea free article test I have encountered the traditions here. Numerous traditions in the USA are like the traditions of my nation, Korea. Be that as it may, a few contrasts are astounding, some are humiliating, and some are simply entertaining. A portion of the various traditions are identified with New Year’s festivities, supper customs, and discussion styles. Initially, New Year’s Day is commended distinctively in Korea and the United States from numerous points of view. In the USA, New Year’s Day is on January first, every new year. At the point when it becomes December 31 at 12:59:50 p. m. , individuals begin to check down for the following year. At the point when it gets 12:00 a. m. , they give each other much love, and they make the most of their gathering. Be that as it may, Korean has an alternate occasion in their nation. Korean uses the lunar schedule to check the New Year. Lunar schedule is a schedule that depends on patterns of the lunar stage, and the principal day of a month is the day when a galactic new moon happens in a specific time zone. We will compose a custom exposition test on Social Differences Between US and Korea or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Since Korean New Year’s Day is around one month later than New Year’s Day in the U.S. Second, Korea and the USA have various traditions with respect to supper. The conventional café supper here for the most part has three or four courses including the hors d'oeuvre, serving of mixed greens, dish and pastry. At the point when the principal course is done, the following course will be served. The primary supper as a rule incorporates meat, for example, hamburger, pork or chicken. Each dinner is eaten with forks, knifes and spoons. Furthermore, â€Å"Starting with the blade, fork, or spoon that is most remote from your plate, work your way in, utilizing one utensil for each course,† as indicated by a creator Linda Stradley. 1) interestingly, in Korea, most Korean food eateries are largely the food is served at once. The principle dish is consistently rice and soups, and it is presented with the few side dishes. The rice ought to be situated on the left side, and the soup must be set on the correct side. A spoon and chopsticks are utilized for eating. Also, as indicated by an eatery Chung Dam, â€Å"Koreans eat their rice and soup with a spoon, and side dishes and the primary course with chopsticks. †(1) Last, the discussion manners is likewise entirely unexpected among Korea and the USA. At the point when I meet an American who has a ton of inquiries for me, a portion of their inquiries are close to home and surprising. In the event that I inquire as to why they posed me about that inquiry, they answer that they are simply inquisitive. It is entirely awkward on the grounds that no one approached those inquiries for me in Korea. I might be the principal individual from my nation whom they have met, and they have almost no comprehension of my life. A great many people are truly keen on finding out about me, so now I attempt to comprehend their interest. Then again, when individuals meet new companion in Korea, they never pose a great deal of inquiries, regardless of whether they are exceptionally inquisitive about new companion. Korean feels that is impolite, and it makes new companion awkward. Customarily, Korean culture depends on Confucianism, so Korean thinks it is critical to regard people’s security and be progressively extensive and quiet. To summarize, the USA and Korea have some various societies. These two nations have enormous contrasts about New Year’s Day, Dinner style, Conversation etiquette. Some American traditions make me awkward and are bizarre for me. Be that as it may, I think it is critical to comprehend the contrasts between the two nations. At the point when I comprehend these distinctions and attempt to get them, it helps make me make companion here and get them.

Career Planning for Humanities Majors

Career Planning for Humanities Majors Hi everyone, My eight-week course began last Tuesday, which I know seems odd considering its literally the week before Spring Break. Anyway, its ENGL 199: Career Planning for Humanities Majors with Kirstin Wilcox, the director of internships and a senior lecturer for the English advising department. Its a one-hour course that meets once a week, and just about any major can take it. So far, we  have  engineering, business, history, art, and english majors in our class. While I know humanities sort of umbrellas a vague path into careers, I dont think we talk about the benefits of taking these courses as growing professionals. Humanities majors like myself hear others voice their fears for us: That career wont  offer you tons of money, and Thats a risky path  in todays job market.  And thats not necessarily true. Weve got a lot of skills to offer! Our first assignment for ENGL 199 is to update or create our LinkedIn page to showcase our skills and experience, and find a network of folks who do things for a living that we would like to do ourselves someday. Its pretty neat to think that positions like social media interns didnt exist 10  years ago, and its incredible to see that if youre interested in technology, theres something out there that doesnt have a cookie-cutter qualifications section stamped on it. Employers want employees  who can write, think critically, display passion in what they do, and interact well with others. Humanities majors do just that in most of their classes! When were debating about the importance of historical figures, when we talk about the importance of class and gender, and when were reading and thinking critically about our given texts, were honing professional skills. We can speak our minds, provide evidence, do research, and listen to others. That makes us team players. Im really excited to work on my resume, participate in mock interviews, and write  cover letters in this class, too. Preparation is key, and since Im a  senior, its  helpful to think about as were roughly seven weeks away from graduation! I hope this relieves any anxiety you feel over  pursuing your beloved humanities major. Jenny Jenny Class of 2016 I'm majoring in Creative Writing in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I'm from the north side of Chicago, an artsy neighborhood along the lakefront called Andersonville. I plan to pursue a low-residency MFA program in Fiction Writing with the hope of becoming a published author.

Culture Expresses The Ideas - Free Essay Example

Culture expresses the ideas, values, norms, practices and objects that allow a group of people to carry out their collective lives. We are engaged in a variety of cultures, subcultures and cocultures are active parts of them. Subcultures include a group of people who share in the main culture of society but also have their own distinctive values, norms, and lifestyles (116). On the other hand, countercultures include a subculture that adheres to a set of norms and values that sharply contradict the dominant norms and values of the society of which that group is a part (116). Therefore, in order for culture to fully be understood we need to know the differences between subcultures and countercultures. First, subcultures are a group of people who come together to seek out others that have similar problems, views, and ideas. One of the cultural features in the life is changing the look of your body and this defines you as a person. An example is teens getting body piercings for multiple reasons. This can be influenced by peer pressure or they are afraid they will be viewed as an outsider from the norm. Piercings are part of some cultures as spiritual markings, whereas tattoos can make you a part of a certain gang. They define you as a unique person in society or show others that you are a part of a certain group. On the other hand, countercultures have values and beliefs that go against their culture. When members of this culture misbehave they can drop out of society, meaning they leave because they reject to change them (117). In the early 1960s is when the rise of countercultures occurred. During this time the civil rights movement was going on, feminism and gay rights were all happening. The civil rights movement made a major impact on the government, in terms of having many rules and norms towards African Americans were created. For feminism it was for womens rights in equality and how they should have the equal rights as men do in the workplace. But the major issue was gay rights becoming more visible during this time too. Many protests were held and counter culture movement marked the beginning of homosexual rise for equality and acceptance. Gay rights have become legal in the United States and we now see more homosexuals around the world in todays society. This example is a part of a counterculture because now gay people have freedom to marry people of the same sex, whereas before when it was not legal to marry someone of the same sex was not allowed in the churches. Overall, there are major differences between the cultures of subcultures and countercultures. Subcultures have certain qualifications you need to meet for an occupation, in terms of how you present yourself. If you are a person with a piercing through your lip, you are not going to be gaining any high ranked position in a company. Countercultures have been developing over time since the 1960s and movements that were not okay then are now becoming okay in todays society, like the LGTBQ. Cultures have the certain beliefs you should follow, but there a lot of changes that have developed either in favor or against their belief.

The Beginning Of The Revolutionary War - 1013 Words

From the foundation of the colonies beginning with the founding of Jamestown until the beginning of the Revolutionary War, different regions of the eastern coast had different characteristics. Once established, the thirteen British colonies could be divided into three geographic areas: New England, Middle, and Southern. Each of these had specific economic, social, and political developments that were unique to the regions. European nations came to the Americas to increase their wealth and broaden their influence over world affairs. The first permanent British colony was established in Jamestown in the Chesapeake Bay region by the Virginia Company. To honor the memory of Elizabeth I, the never married â€Å"Virgin Queen† the company’s directors named the region Virginia. (pg.41) The Jamestown colonist had a rough time of it. They were so busy looking for gold and other exportable resources that they could barely feed themselves. It wasn’t until 1616, that Virginia settlers learned how to farm tobacco. It became Virginia’s main source of revenue and helped the colony survive. The first African slaves arrived in Virginia in 1619. Many of the people who settled in the New World came to escape religious persecution. The Pilgrims, founders of the Plymouth, Massachusetts, arrived in 1620. In both Virginia and Massachusetts, the colonist flourished with some help from the Native Americans. The influx of migrants sparked an all-out conflict with the neighboring Indians. The struggleShow MoreRelatedThe Beginning Of The Revolutionary War1019 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the basis of the colonies beginning with the founding of Jamestown until the beginning of the Revolutionary War, different areas of the eastern coast had different traditional values. Once established, the thirteen British colonies could be separated into three physical areas: New England, Middle, and Southern. 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Lenin’s works made important contributions to the development of revolutionary socialistRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Revolutionary Revolution1420 Words   |  6 PagesBeginning in 1839, foreign imperialists began to exploit China for economic gain. The Chinese immediately renounced imperialism. The revolution that took place in China from 1839 to the present was in part a reaction to the aggressive advancements of imperialism. A pattern arose, A power would impose it’s will on China, and China was too weak to defend itself. This angered the Chinese people and pushed them toward revolution. The leader of the revolution, Mao Tse-tung, wrote about how each altercatio nRead MoreThe Treaty Of Paris And Indian War876 Words   |  4 Pages] Outline: 1. From one war to another a.) French and Indian War b.) Ended by the Treaty of Paris 2. Revolutionary War a.) Negotiations between Great Britain and America b.) Informal articles of peace 3. Ending of the Revolutionary War a.) Articles of peace b.) Formal agreements between Great Britain and America c.) Treaty of Paris [ The Treaty of Paris, The ending of the Revolutionary War ] In 1763, the treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian War between Great Britain andRead MoreThomas Gage And His Impact On The Revolutionary War Essay1608 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Gage and His Impact on the Revolutionary War Matt Thompson Mountain View High School â€Æ' Back in 1774 Thomas Gage had a job that no one would envy. He would be tasked with stemming the tide of a rebellion in the colonies of North America. Many considered him the protagonist of the English cause in the Revolutionary war. Tensions were rising and Gage had just been appointed Military Governor of Massachusetts. With this title, he would effectively be the most powerful British official in

The Ontological Argument Made By Anselm - 1365 Words

The ontological argument made by Anselm was criticized by one of his contemporaries, a monk named Gaunilo, who said, that by Anselm s reasoning, one could imagine a certain island, more perfect than any other island, tf this island can exist in the mind, then according to Anselm, it would necessarily exist in reality, for a perfect island would have this quality. But this is obviously false; we cannot make things exist merely by imagining them. Anselm replied, upholding his argument by saying that Guanilo is essentially comparing apples and oranges. An island is something that can be thought of not to exist, whereas the non-existence of that than which a greater cannot be conceived is inconceivable, Only for God is it inconceivable†¦show more content†¦This argument states that everything in this world has certain potentials for change. It also states that, for these potentials to be met, another object, that already exists, must set off said potential. That object, in tur n, would have to have been put in flux by something else, and so on and so forth. All of this ultimately leads to one object which started all this change, that one object being God. Aquinas second argument is that there are many things that happen in this world, and that these occurrences are effects derived from a cause. The effects in turn can be the cause of something else and so on and so on. Nothing, however, can be the cause of itself, so there must be a first efficient cause that sets off other intermediate causes, in hopes of reaching an ultimate goal. Therefore, according to Aquinas, the first of all the efficient causes would be God. The third argument Aquinas makes is that of possibility and necessity. This argument holds that everything in this world has possibility to be and not to be. If there is the possibility that everything at one time or another cannot be, then at one time there was nothing, because everything that could have been, wasn t^(et if there was nothing at one time, then there was nothing that could be^and so there would still be nothing. Therefore, there had to be something that existed to cause all the possibilities

Whats up in Japanese - How to say whats up in Japanese

Meaning: Whats up?   Pronunciation: Listen to the audio file for Nanika atta?. Japanese Characters: ä ½â€¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€šÃ£  £Ã£ Å¸ 㠁 ªÃ£  «Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€šÃ£  £Ã£ Å¸ More Greetings: Previous wordNext wordGreetings ArchiveSimple Japanese Phrases

The Armenian and Cambodian Genocides - 707 Words

Genocide Paper The definition of genocide, according to the United Nations, was the attempt to destroy â€Å"a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group† by killing members, causing mental or bodily harm, harsh living conditions, prevention of births, and separating children from their families. There are four patterns of genocide, which do not always occur in every genocide since they’re not all the same. The four patterns include persecution, which is hostility and ill-treatment, especially toward a specific race, political, or religious belief done by the ruler or government. Next is displacement or when a group of people is forced to leave their native country. Continuing, public humiliation is another pattern that freely shows off a group of people being tortured or persecuted in plain sight. Finally when selective groups of people face at terrible fate while another group is spared the same fate as them is selective murder. Those were the four, very cruel and unfair, patterns of genocide. The First Modern genocide was the Armenian Genocide, but what was the Armenian genocide? It was horrific acts committed against the Armenian people of the Ottoman Empire. The Armenian genocide was planned and administrated against the Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire by the Turkish government. The Armenians were deported, starved, abducted, tortured and more. This devastating time lasted from 1915 through 1918. An estimated guess of around one and a half million ArmeniansShow MoreRelatedThe Cambodian Genocide And The Armenian Genocide2391 Words   |  10 PagesThe Cambodian Genocide and the Armenian Genocide have similar methods of how the victims were killed. They similarly murdered their victims, starved their victims and targeted government officials. They were different in that the Armenians were deported but the Khmer Rouge targeted Cambodians based of their class and had re-education camps. The Cambodian Genocide happened between 1975 and 1979 in Cambodia where the Khmer Rouge, a guerrilla group, over threw the government and started a regime toRead MoreThe Tragedy of the Armenians Genocide Essay examples603 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"A genocide is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group, as that group and membership in it are defined by the perpetrator†. (Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn, 2005). It is an inhumane thought that a particular group should be extinct because of the perpetrators outlook of that society. Learning about Adolf Hitler and the tragedy of the Holocaust, was a changing point to many, of how ones society could be exterminated because of one’s hair andRead MoreSurviving Children Who Now Have Posttraumatic Syndrome Disorder856 Words   |  4 Pagesof the movie, we knew little about how U.S. policies spilled over into Cambodia. The film made a human connection with the genocide of many Cambodians. The purpose was to shed light on the villains who were Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge (Magid 112). Another purpose was to bring the atrocities to the light. Another purpose of the film was to highlight the ravages of war, genocides, and mass murders. The purpose of the movie was to bring an emotional connection on a human level. The movies based on a trueRead More##hetorical Analysis Of Elie Wiesels The Perils Of Indifference746 Words   |  3 Pagesthe only genocide to have taken place in history. Many more have occurred like the Armenian genocide, Cambodian genocide, and Rw andan genocide. A commonality between all genocides is the lack of timely assistance in stopping the massacre and as Wiesel would likely say this is due to indifference. In the case of the Armenian genocide the Americans, Russians, Germans, and Turks witnessed the atrocity, yet hardly did much to stop it. â€Å"It is estimated that one and a half million Armenians perished betweenRead MoreThe Genocide Carried Out by Pol Pot917 Words   |  4 PagesNumerous genocides have occurred throughout the twentieth century, beginning with the Turkish genocide against the Armenians. One genocide in particular, the Cambodian genocide, is considered by many to be one of the most ruthless genocides of the twentieth century. The Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK), better known as the Khmer Rouge, was led by a communist dictator known to the world as Pol Pot. His regime abused the Cambodian people at an unimaginable scale. His attempts to transform CambodiaRead MoreThe Death Toll Of The Genocide8 52 Words   |  4 Pagesrituals), is known as genocide, and this term did not exist before 1944. Usually the death toll of the genocide is in thousands and in some cases in millions. According to the Canadian scholars, Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn, they have identified four main types of genocide: first, Ideological: this type of genocide is committed in an effort to achieve an ideal social structure in which all members of society are alike or hold the same belief. For example the Armenian genocide in 1915, when the leadersRead MoreGenocide : The Worst Crimes Against Humanity And It Still Continues Today2115 Words   |  9 PagesApril 2016 Genocide: Genocide is one of the worst crimes against humanity and it still continues today. The definition of the word genocide is the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. Compared with war crimes and crimes against humanity, genocide is generally regarded as the most offensive crime. Unlike war, where the attack is general and the object is often the control of a geographical or political region. Genocide attacks goRead MoreForeign Influence and Its Positive and Negative Impacts1285 Words   |  5 Pagesfighting and hatred. The majority of people believe that there isnt a specific cause for genocide. However – as shown by the Sudanese and Rwandan Genocides—foreign influence, and the absence of it, plays a big role in causing genocide. Before exmaning the effects of foriegn influence in causing genocide, it is important to understand the concepts of foreign influence and genocide. The UN defines genocide any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a nationalRead MoreThe Carnage Of The Indians1575 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"unworthy† victims . . .† (26) Genocides, such as that of the Amerindians, show this grotesque train of thought in human beings. The dehumanization and murder of the Native Americans was nothing more than an action made by the Europeans to show their superiority they believed they possessed. Throughout history, this behavior can be seen in many tyrannical communities, such as those that ruled over the â€Å"Armenians, Jews, Gypsies, Tbos, Bengalis, Timorese, Cambodians, Ugandans, and others.† (4) AlthoughRead MoreThe Astonishing X-Men by Joss Whedon and John Cassaday Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesand standards view as a foe and weirdo. H istory played it’s stage and tells it’s truth. The Ottoman Empire feared of Armenian would join with the Russian and revolt against them and that leads to the genocide. Same horrific deeds were done by the Napoleon, the Spartans, Nazis, under Stalin’s Soviet Union, under Mao’s communist China, under Cambodian Khmer Rouge, the Rwandan genocide, religious, ideologies extremists, and fear that drives them mad and turning them into mass killing machines. President

Projects Closure Free Essays

Closing a Project Projects are by definition, temporary endeavour with commencement and ending periods. Wysocki (2012) identified project closure as the fifth process group in PMLC where the final product derived from the project is presented to the client according to specifications. The question of â€Å"how well did you do? † will be answered when client approves of the output, asset/output gets installed, audit tests post-implementation status and a final report submitted. We will write a custom essay sample on Projects Closure or any similar topic only for you Order Now The client’s acceptance of a project deliverable is a very important milestone as it sets in motion a key activity called â€Å"closure† which effectively brings to an end the project life cycle. (Wysocki, 2012) also identified closing a process that involves the following milestones: i. Getting client acceptance ii. Ensuring that all deliverables are installed iii. Ensuring that documentation is in place iv. Getting client sign-off on the final report v. Conducting post-implementation audit vi. Celebrating the success Client Acceptance – As a key trigger for project closure and a major milestone to every PM, client acceptance signifies that project output meets specifications and thus, brings to an end the â€Å"temporary endeavour† called project. At this stage, the project deliverables are reviewed and a verdict is passed by the client. This can be via a formal acceptance test procedure (ATP) between the client and the project team where the project team demonstrate key features of the project to confirm clients expectations while the client keeps a checklist to ensure compliance with scope equirements. In NLNG project closure procedure requires a thorough user acceptance test (UAT) with the project sponsors and end/super-users meeting the project handling firm before a project is declared closed. Client acceptance can also be informal for small projects that require just datelines or a few deliverables in place. A brief hand-over ceremony or a communication to the client by the PM is good enough. Most community development projects in NLNG do not require a formal UAT. Installation of Project Deliverables – After UAT project outputs/deliverable are installed and a â€Å"go-live† is declared. Installation of project outputs according to Wysocki (2012, 314 – 315) can take any of the four approaches viz; phased, cut-over, parallel or by business-unit. Phased installation as the name implies, takes bit-by-bit installation of project deliverables in a specific order. Company-wide re-organisation projects are likely examples here. Cut-out installation replaces an old system with a new one after the new system is tested in a test environment. Most upgrade project are installed using this approach. Parallel installation requires the new deliverables installed while the old is still running. This is referred to as â€Å"parallel run† in IT projects as it permits a comparative study of the two systems. By-business unit installation is where project deliverables are spread around business units that may necessarily be in one location. Project documentation – Young (2010) noted that project documentation involves Project Closure Report, Post Implementation Review Report and data archiving that will be used to measure project’s success in term of outcomes as defined at the early planning stage. Project documentation serves to keep track of the project schedules, records of estimates of key project inputs, UAT activities and how the changes were managed, challenges and key learning points during project implementation and go-live. It also involves development of manuals for user training and other resources as may be required by the post go-live project owners. Ultimately, both client and PMs have a role in what becomes of project documentation. While the PM ensures that those documents serve to provide avenue for assessing project outcomes, client’s understanding of the document is particularly important during and post go-live project phases. Final Report sign-off: – A clear understanding of project documentation following a UAT will bring about another milestone in project close called â€Å"sign-off† where the client formally accept deliverables as installed alongside all the relevant documentations. By this, the client fully takes responsibility of the project and since this is a post go-live situation, the client accepts and sign-off the Project Closure Report which formalizes the closure of the project. The report is however, usually prepared by the Project Manager and presented to the client or project sponsor for sign-off. Post-Implementation Audit – This comes moments after go-live to identify if project goals have been achieved since the new/changes project comes on board. It asses key project goals set at the beginning, durations and resources, value proposition achieved, key learning points and what works (or not worked) since go-live. It is an audit because it is undertaken with a view to ensure compliance with set objectives. A post-implementation audit report is delivered as documentary of the project history highlighting key project goals and success factors, project methodologies, risk management strategies, client satisfaction assessment reports, etc. The audit report can serve to re-assure project owners of the benefits of the newly implemented project or it highlights major challenges/exposures of the new system. While the former validates initial project objectives, the later opens up avenues for quick intervention to mitigate losses and value erosion as a result of the new project. Celebrating Success – Part of project close is a ceremonial arrangement to recognise that the project has actually ended. Most go-live activities require elaborate celebrations with souvenirs and adverts to herald the arrival of a new project. In NLNG, projects go-live are celebrated with gift/souvenirs, bonuses and other incentives to project team members and other relevant parties. Community development projects have cultural dances and other local events to go with. Business Risks Associated with Skipping Project Close-out – Project close out is an essential part of PMLC as it answers the â€Å"how well did you do† question and thus skipping it poses significant exposure to not only the project, but broad business or welfare objectives of client. Non-closure also impacts on the PMs resources and corporate reputation. Key risks associated with non-closure of projects include; ? Increasing tendency for non-implementation of the entire project or failed/part implementation that wont be noticed until a later period ? Absence of client acceptance test may hamper a proper UAT which normally provides the avenue for addressing project gaps ? Improper documentation will eventually affect optimal utilization of project deliverables. Also, absence of user manuals could trigger misuse of project outputs and bring about recurring cost of maintenance ? Absence of project installation and hand-over exposes the project falling into the wrong hands as no proper change management has been put in place. ? Lack of client sign-off exposes both parties to breach of contract and litigations while project teams and sponsors may develop animosity due to accusations, counter-accusations and blame game as project risks manifest. Lack of post-implementation audit may deny the client the benefit of assessing project objectives/targets against actual results post go-live. This entails that all the risks inherent in this new project are assimilated and may not be easily addressed. References 1. Young, M. L. (2010) PM Hut: A Complete Guide to Closing Projects. Available at: http://www. pmhut. com/a-complete-guide-to-closing-projects (Accessed: 20th April, 2013) 2. Wysocki, R. K. (2012) Effective project management traditional, agile, extreme, 4th Edition. Wiley, Indianapolis. How to cite Projects Closure, Papers

Litigation - Study Questions free essay sample

The paralegal is responsible for the litigation process. Some of the responsibilities of the paralegal are preparing casework, investigations, preparing briefings, conducting interviews and scheduling and maintaining client contacts. The support staff are those individuals within the firm that work collectively to accomplish assignments. Investigators are those that conduct the research and gather facts regarding the case to validate or find fault in legal issues of the case. The information technologists (IT) individuals are those who maintain the software and hardware in the firm and keep the necessary equipment operational. Question #4. Why do lawyers in civil litigation rely upon the members of a legal team? Lawyers rely on the members of the team because of the amount of work that has to be accomplished to prepare a case. Law firms have assigned duties and responsibilities for these members and they work collectively to accomplish their goals. Question #5. What are the skills required of the civil litigation paralegal? The skills necessary for the paralegal include having people and communication skills, being resourceful, being committed, having analytical abilities, and being professional. The paralegal is expected to be a well-rounded professional influence in the firm. Question #6. What are the tasks the civil litigation paralegal can expect to perform? The paralegal can expect to conduct interviews of the clients and witnesses, investigate facts to validate or discredit data, conduct discovery, drafting pleadings, assisting at trial, time keeping, and maintaining the budget. Question #7. Explain the relationship between the skills of the paralegal and the tasks assigned. The relationship between the skills and tasks are the client representation and ensuring there are no conflicts of interests. The skills are necessary to accomplish the tasks required to function. Question #8. Does having family members working in separate offices of the same firm create issues of client confidentiality? There would be no issues in client confidentiality if the family members left work at the office and did not talk about the case outside their office. Chapter 2 Review Questions: Question #3. What is ethics? Ethics are basic guidelines for conduct. These are also known as rules of professional responsibility. Question #4. What is the purpose of the confidentiality rule in the legal setting? Confidentiality allows the client to work with the attorney and legal team by relaying personal information so they can provide counsel and assistance. The confidentiality rule assures the client that this information will remain confidential and non-disclosed. Question #5. Can the confidentiality between attorney and client be lost? Yes, this information can be disclosed to prevent the commitment of a crime and to defend against a client’s suit. Question #6. What ethical guidelines, if any, does your state follow? The military environment follows the Standards of Conduct, providing guidance to military personnel on standards of conduct and ethics. Violations of the punitive provisions by military personnel can result in prosecution under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). For civilians, the consequences can be fines, civil penalties, and termination of employment. Question #7. What is the ethical obligation of a paralegal to the firm’s client? The paralegal should disclose their status to the client at the beginning of the relationship. Question #8. What is the ethical obligation of the paralegal to the court? The paralegal should avoid all conduct that undermines the integrity of the litigation process. They have an obligation not to mislead the court or opposing counsel. Question #9. What is the ethical obligation of a litigation support staff member to the client? To the court? Of a litigation support person from outside firm or consultant? The support staff owes the client confidentiality and fairness. They owe the court their honesty in not misleading the court with false statements or facts known to be false. The litigation support person owes their confidentiality and ethical conduct. Question #10. Why is conflict of interest an issue for the legal team? If the legal assistant or paralegal â€Å"floats† or works with different staff within a firm, this could cause a conflict of interest. Question #11. What are the ethical issues for a law firm using outside computer or technology consultants? The issues are with the data within those types of equipment. Client confidential information cannot be available to anyone outside the representing legal team. Using outside equipment creates a potential for data leak. Question #12. Do the ethical rules of fairness prevent lawyers from aggressively advocating a client’s position? So long as the attorney complies with the rules of the court and presents truthful facts and data to support the client’s position, no ethical dilemma occurs. Question #13. Why would a partner in a law firm be required to supervise the other lawyers in the firm? The supervising attorney is responsible for the ethical conduct of everyone on the legal team. There is a duty to supervise to ensure no ethical breaches or lapses occur. Question #14. How can members of the legal team demonstrate that they have been adequately supervised? By their commitment and performance of their duties. They can also show where they have received documented guidance and training. Thomas F. Goldman Alice Hart Hughes, Civil Litigation: Process and Procedures (2nd Edition) (2011)

Situational Analysis Of Dove - Social Media Marketing

Question: Discuss about the Report for Social Media Marketing for Product Dove. Answer: Introduction to Dove and Social Media Dove is a famous international brand that already has a strong presence on social media. It is extended to body wash, hair care, beauty bar, lotions, deodorants, and face. Dove used emotional appeal to create a distinct position in the market. It addressed womans tendency to used better beauty products. Social media strategy of the company is also highlighting this aspect and good mix of different social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram are being used by the company. This report will analyse the effectiveness of the existing social media strategy and propose the social media strategy for this product. Dove segmented its market on the basis of demographic and psychographic factors. On the basis of demographic factors it targeted upper class working women. And on the basis of psychology, women who want to look equal to beauty and used strategy to influence the psychology of targeted customers that they can look beautiful using Doves products. Apart from this, it is using Real Beauty campaign since a decade. In this campaign, it used typical normal women in advertisement and shown the effect of its product on that women. It used different social media to promote its marketing campaign. It used Facebook, Youtube, Instagram and Twitter. These media played a vital role in promoting the brand image of Dove. Social media provided Dove with a platform where it gets to interact with potential customers directly. Situational Analysis of Dove Situation analysis is a systematic method that collects the information about internal and external factors that affect the performance of the organization. SWOT analysis has been used to assess the situation of Dove in the market and identified factors would be used in analyzing the Social Media strategy. SWOT analysis: Dove is a personal care brand in the world that is possessed by the Unilever. Company offers its products in more than 35 countries for men and women (Burrow and Fowler, 2015). These are the four elements of SWOT analysis for the brand Dove which is as followed: Strengths: Dove is availed with resources under the control of Unilever. Dove has strong marketing campaign that helps the organization in creating distinct position of brand in mind of customers. Dove includes the moisturizing cream in its products that is good for the skin. Along with this, dove brand make promise to customers that dove products not leave any remainder on the skin (Griffin, 2011). It growing and developing a wide range of beauty products that helps the customers in selection of products. This positioning of the brand Dove is further enhanced through the use of social media. It has large number of follower on social media such as Facebook, Youtube and Twitter. Weakness: The main weakness of the brand is the target market. This brand targets only upper middle class female segments worldwide which affects the brand image of the products. There is lack of awareness of brand among the large part of population in the world and company would like to further spread the reach of this brand. Apart from this, Dove has not a larger range of its products in comparison of its competitor brands that affect the buying decision of the customers. Furthermore, in comparison of its competitors Dove does not have a wide range of male products. So, male customers buy less products of the brand in comparison of female customers. It does not post the videos and pictures of campaign on social media. Opportunity: There is an opportunity for Dove to expand its market share by promoting the brand through social media. It will also help Dove in attracting number of male customers (Fujii, 2013). Along with this, brand should continue focusing on the product innovation. Furthermore, Dove use the mix advertising that increases the cost of the brand for reducing the cost company have opportunity to make a single advertisement for whole world. Dove can get access to large geographical areas and can extend its target customers to middle class women and men. There is number of social media which it can use to promote its products such as Flicker, Blogger, LinkedIn, and Slide share. Threats: There are main threats to Dove from its competitors such as Olay, Neutrogena, and Nivea. On the global level, there are many brands are available which have different products prices in comparison of Dove. Dove has low deodorants products for men that are a threat for Dove. Along with this, Dove is a famous brand but it is famous on large scale in metro cities and company offer its products for the particular group as higher income and upper middle class group peoples that is threat for the company. Moreover, Doves real beauty campaign is a hypocritical campaign which shows the false beauty in advertisements (Fifield, 2012). Dove does not follow certain ethical norms in its advertisements campaigns that may be great threats for it. This will also have impact on its social media marketing strategy. Proposed marketing Strategy of Dove Proposed marketing strategy of Dove is presented in detailed form that the brand in expansion of its operational activities (Ferrell and Hartline, 2013). The mix of social media marketing can be used to increase the awareness among people. Dove can use facebook, twitter, Youtube, Instagram, Blogger, Flicker, and LinkedIn. Facebook: Facebook is a good platform to connect with large number of targeted customers for Dove. Facebook helps the Dove in sharing pictures and videos of the company advertisement and an individuals experience from the brand. Furthermore, Facebook will provide facility to Dove of talking with its existing and potential customers that creates long term relationship with customers and sharing the information about products (Zimmerman and Ng, 2015). Furtermore, Dove can develop a chat system on facebook and can get it linked to its website where it can receive the feedback from customers directly. The company use a Beauty Story campaign on Facebook that focus on Dove Beauty Bar product. This campaign of the brand developed for the sharing the experience to use of products. it makes strong brand image of the company and this type of marketing activity of the company makes it separate from the competitors brand. Now Dove has 26,429,936likes on the site of the brand which states that Dove has goo d brand position. Furthermore, the company can develop a team who will post innovative advertisements on the Facebook on regular basis. Twitter: Twitter increases the level of customer satisfaction by helping the consumers to connect with the brand and providing different types of services such as providing the information about updates in Dove Company and information related to products and services of the brand (Evans, 2010). Along with this, Dove can share the videos and presentations related to product and brand that will help it in promoting its brand image. Furthermore, Twitter helps the Dove in offering different types of information related to special offers and events that capture its customer attention towards brand. Through the use of this strategy, Dove collects feedback from its existing and potential customers which helps in the identifying customer needs and wants. On the basis of collected feedback from Twitter activities, Dove monitors its performance and reputation of the brand. Dove runs a Speak Beautiful campaign that helps the company in identifying negative comments for the body image (Tuten and Solomon, 2014). Along with this, this campaign of the brand also encourages brand followers for the reducing negative comments which relates to body. In current scenario Twitter site of Dove have 188K followers and 4641 likes. Apart from this, Dove can develop a campaign in which it can takes recommendation from customers about the improvement in the product. Instagram: Instagram helps Dove in connecting with customers that are active user base. In whole world user takes use Instagram at larger number in comparison of Facebook and Twitter. Dove have brand post 1487 images which have 7.1 m followers. So, Dove uses this strategy to connect with its customers which helps in creating positive brand image. On the Instagram Dove uploads pictures of its products and collects feedback about product and brand that helps the brand in achieving goals and objectives. Through the collected feedbacks Dove get the information that which type products customers wants. Along with this, Dove founds new customers and followers through the facility of hash tags that are included in the post that creates a link which helps Dove in showing all the pictures of Dove (Anderson, 2010). Along with this, Dove can post the pictures of its marketing campaign. YouTube: YouTube is an online tool that helps in share advertisements and other videos on lowest cost. Dove uses this strategy in showing the Real Beauty Sketches campaign that helps brand to introduce the women about beauty. Along with this, Dove uploads its brand and products video on the YouTube that makes it popular in the world and collects the review about the product which brand offer. Through the use of this strategy Dove can share easily all the possible advertisement and campaign. Furthermore, YouTube are being used worldwide that shows the videos which can also shared by this strategy (Evans, 2012). Thus advertising campaign and promotional video of Dove have the 12,634,926 views on My Beauty My Say campaign video on YouTube. Along with this, it should follow ethical norms in its advertisements. Furthermore, it may also go with Tumblr, MySpace, LinkedIn, Slide Share, and Blogger. These will provide Dove with more connectivity with people. These can help Dove to promote its product and develop the relationship with its customers. Action plan of Dove Dove will determine its goals and objectives of getting large part of peoples aware about its brand using social media marketing. It should aim to attract a large number of customers with a view to increase its sales and market shares. Then it will evaluate different media of social marketing to select the best one or more medias. It will have to analyze each social media which will help it to address some best Media mix which had potential of increasing its market share and expending the market. After selecting from main social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube, Dove developed its profile on each media. After developing profile it linked these Media to its Website which provide updates. After having a link with social media, it should hire an advertisement agency which will develop innovative concept in advertisement for different social media platforms. Along with this, it should develop a plan of social media monitoring where customer can put their comments about the product. It helps Dove to determine its position in the mind of customer. It developed different campaigns such as a Beauty Story of Facebook, Speak Beautiful campaign for Twitter and My Beauty My Say campaign video for YouTube. Apart from this, it should hire some experts who can create marketing campaign for promoting Dove on social media platforms on regular basis. Furthermore, the monitoring of the performance of the Doves promotional campaign on social medias on regular basis shall be done. Recommendation There is no doubt that Dove has become the choice of customers for their personal care products. Dove should provide true information to customers about the features and functions of its beauty products and take feedbacks from the customers through social media channels. Apart from this, it should post more video and posters on facebook and Youtube. Dove shall create specific marketing campaigns for the social media marketing channels as facebook, Youtube, Instagram provide access to a large number of their targeted customers. References Anderson, E. (2010) Social Media Marketing: Game Theory and the Emergence of Collaboration. GERMANY: Springer Science Business Media. Burrow, J. L. and Fowler, A. R. (2015) Marketing. USA: Cengage Learning. Evans, D. (2012) Social Media Marketing. USA: John Wiley Sons. Evans, L. (2010) Social Media Marketing: Strategies for Engaging in Facebook, Twitter Other Social Media. USA: Pearson Education. Ferrell, O. C. and Hartline, M. (2013) Marketing Strategy, Text and Cases. USA: Cengage Learning. Fifield, P. (2012) Marketing Strategy. UK: Routledge. Fujii, T. (2013) Global Competitive Advantage Skill of Balanced Scorecard By SWOT Analysis and Strategic Map. USA: TOM PUBLISHING. Griffin, R. W. (2011) Fundamentals of Management. USA: Cengage Learning. Tuten, T. L. and Solomon, R. M. (2014) Social Media Marketing. USA: SAGE. Zimmerman, J. and Ng, D. (2015) Social Media Marketing All-in-One For Dummies. USA: John Wiley Sons.

Model of cultures free essay sample

Organizational culture and national culture: The case of multinational companies: ZARA (outline) Defining concepts: What Is organizational culture? A system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations. (Organizational Behavior, p. 546) Do organizations have uniform cultures? (Ibid, p. 548) Dominant culture and subculture How the culture ofa country influences the culture ofa business? Geert Hofstede identifies four cultural dimensions that can have a profound impact on the business nvironment: Individual level: individualism/collectivism Organizational level: power distance Occupational level: uncertainty avoidance Gender level: masculinity/femininity (Hofstede, Geert, Cultures and Organizations: Software ot the Mind, 3rd ed, New York, McGraw-Hill, 2010, p. 25). Organizational culture communication media and social sharing Norms National culture Values social Behaviour The individual values of a country predict organizational culture and consumer behaviour (Hofstede) National culture cannot necessarily be used to predict rganizational culture and consumer behaviour The case of multinational company: ZARA Found by Inditex ZARA present in 86 countries, a network of 1,770 stores (Inditex, http://www. We will write a custom essay sample on Model of cultures or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page nditex. com/en/who_we_are/concepts/zara) High standards company culture is highly decentralized and flexible High standards company culture is highly decentralized and flexible Workers organized in teams positive results Competitions among teams continuous feedback ( ZARA: culture, http:mashlonworldwlde. wlklspaces. com/ Culture) Innovation and flexlblllty 200 persons In design team 82,8% of workers are women Satisfy customers needs from dfferent cultures and backgrounds Store managers report the demands of customers and the sales trends to the headquarters on a daily basis Awareness of corporate responsibility: Social dimension. environmental dimension. product health and safety Marketing Zara decided to move towards a geocentric orientation, allowing the company to adopt in some cases local solutions rather than merely replicate the OF2 nome mar et. K Lara sells a largely nomogeneous product Tor a glooal market (Havlan and Polo, 2000). Moreover, there are some adjustments in its marketing mix because of the customers size differences in Asian countries (Monllor, 2001), laws issued that require the availability of clothes for youth in all sizes in Buenos Aires (La Opinion de La Coruna, 2006), cultural differences in Arab countries where some clothes cannot be sold, and a different season in the other part of the world (Euromonitor, 2002a).

Sex Education in Our Classroom essays

Sex Education in Our Classroom essays Sex education, which is sometimes called sexuality education or sex and relationships education, is the process of acquiring information and forming attitudes and beliefs about sex, sexual identity, relationships and intimacy. It is also about developing young people's skills so that they make informed choices about their behavior, and feel confident and competent about acting on these choices. It is widely accepted that young people have a right to sex education, partly because it is a means by which they are helped to protect themselves against abuse, exploitation, unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS. Sex education seeks both to reduce the risks of potentially negative outcomes from sexual behavior like unwanted or unplanned pregnancies and infection with sexually transmitted diseases, and to enhance the quality of relationships. It is also about developing young people's ability to make decisions over their entire lifetime. Sex education that works, by which I mean that it is effective is sex education that contributes to this overall aim. There are two methods to teaching sex ed in our classrooms. There is the comprehensive approach and the abstinence-based approach. In this paper I intend to discuss both of these approaches, talking about the pros and cons of each. In my conclusion I will discuss my views as to which of these methods I would incorporate into my classroom. Also, I will reflect on why I would choose this particular method. Government funding of abstinence-only programs have existed for the past 20 years. The Adolescent Family Life Act (AFLA) began in 1981 and was designed to prevent teen pregnancy by promoting self-discipline and chastity. The program received $11 million in federal funds that year and $19 million in 2000. In 1996 the federal government added a provision to the welfare-reform law to establish a federal entitlement program for abstinence-only sexual educat...

Techniques in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Meetings Term Paper

Techniques in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Meetings - Term Paper Example These signs indicate that companies must reform their strategies in dealing with important matters through meeting. This paper aims to discuss the techniques that companies must employ in improving the effectiveness of meetings. Techniques to Improve Meetings Use Meetings to Fit the Purpose Henkel asserts that the purpose of the meeting defines what types of the meeting to be used, managed, or developed. Meetings could have different purposes such as reporting, presentation, problem-solving, and decision-making. The decision whether to use nominal groups, brainstorming, or technology depends on the leader after the identification of the purpose. Nominal group is intended for encouraging the involvement of participants in the meeting. Each participant writes suggestions, idea, and opinion on the subject of discussion. Then, the ideas are discussed within the group. Moreover, comments are also shared to determine other points. However, the limitation of this structured meeting is only applicable when the topic is a general idea, which every person can relate or contribute valuable information (Henkel 33). Brainstorming is another type of meeting wherein people convene to gather suggestions and comments in facilitating discussion. Brainstorming is necessary when dealing with a complex situation or issue that needs analytical, creative, and practical ideas. This type of meeting also encourages individuals to speak up and defend their ideas (Henkel 34). Technology aids companies in communicating information and concerns with employees. Email ensures that participants have the time to think and analyze the question before answering. This provides convenience for companies with a huge number of employees because email can send message one at a time. Aside from email, companies use online group message and instant messaging in conducting a meeting so that members can share their thoughts, opinions, and suggestions. Moreover, virtual meeting serves as an option for lead ers who prefer the flexibility. They can reach various people in different locations and motivate cooperation among members (Henkel 35-39). Setting of Goals and Objectives/Agenda During the pre-preparation of meeting, leaders have acknowledged the importance of setting agenda to direct the flow of the meeting. This is essential in ensuring the effectiveness of the meeting because it lists action points that must be covered. Based on Shessel, clear goals and objectives are the reasons for achieving success in meetings. Meetings take time, so developing agenda avoids too much spending on similar subject with no sense of direction. Furthermore, the goals and objectives serve as marking points to determine the efficacy and efficiency of meetings (Streibel 16). Indicate People, Time, and Place It is notable that meeting incorporates the exchanges of ideas, feedback, or suggestion; hence, it needs knowledgeable and appropriate people who can give insights and opinions. Meeting does not me an that leaders will just call for participants who are available, but its techniques also evolve in choosing the right workforce. Henkel affirms that people have a â€Å"direct impact on what happens and how much is accomplished† (45). Thus, if the leader secures the attendance of inappropriate people, the

Begay v. United States Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Begay v. United States - Case Study Example The main question in the case was to establish what kind of crimes fall under the category of violent crimes enumerated under the ACCA (1984). In this determination, the court had to establish whether reckless driving or driving while intoxicated as proscribed by the New Mexico’s DUI law could constitute a violent felony in the auspices of the ACCA (1984). In overall, the court had to establish the extent to which a commission of an act threatening the consequence of injury to another person can be treated as a violent crime under ACCA (1984). The Supreme Court under the guidance of Justices Roberts C.J., Stevens Kennedy, Ginsburg J.J. and Scalia J held that driving under the influence of alcohol is not a violent felony as envisioned in The Armed Career Criminal Act (1984). The court further held that the most significant question is not on how the defendant had engaged in previous crimes but on how the statute defines the crime of violent felony. The court was of the opinion that regardless of the risk of injury posed to another person or group of persons, the crime in itself is milder to the example of crimes covered under the ACCA. In arriving at the above decision, the Supreme Court justices considered a strict interpretation of the New Mexico’s Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) offense in relation to the benchmarks provided for under the ACCA. The court was convinced that New Mexico’s DWI is not in the ordinary sense a violent felony when interpreted alongside the ACCA residual clause which only encompasses violent and active property crimes that are characteristic of violent criminals, which become more dangerous when committed with a firearm. Begay succeeded in his argument to convince the court that this definition excluded DWI felony as enumerated under the New Mexico Criminal Statute. The argument by Begay’s defense that a violent felony

The influence of culture on accounting

The influence of culture on accounting Introduction Many studies have demonstrated that culture diversity had influenced accounting practice within national and international borders. Accounting can therefore be said to have been influenced by its environment, which includes the culture of the country in which it is being operated (Nobes Parker, 2008) Mueller et al. (1994), cited in Alexander.et al, also stipulate that each accounting system is a product of its specific culture and environment, and that different patterns of accounting are associated with a range of cultural factors such as societal values, religion, political systems and historical values. It is however no thought that those countries with same or similar cultural values or background are practicing accounting similarly. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the extent to which these cultural values influence the practice of accounting and how the understanding of the role of culture in accounting can help us understand international accounting standards. The work of Hofstedes cultural value differences and Grays accounting values will be the major focal point of this paper. The relationship that exists between cultural values, accounting values and financial reporting will be examined as well. Key words: Cultural values; Accounting Values; Financial Reporting DIFFERENCES IN CULTURAL VALUES Culture is a way of life of a group of people, which includes the behaviours, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. The position that the ideas, meanings, beliefs and values people learn as members of society determine human nature. To support this definition, Hofstede, one of the greatest researchers of culture differences, defined culture as the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes members of one human group from another,( cited in Nobes parker 2008. p 25) For the purpose of comparability, this paper will base its analysis on Hofstedes work on cultural value difference and grays work on accounting values to see their impact on accounting practice and reporting. (Hofstede, 1984 p. 83, 84) defined and summarized four Cultural dimensions as, individualism and Collectivism, Large versus small power distance, Strong versus weak uncertainty avoidance, masculinity versus femininity. He also stipulates that there exist specific relationship in these cultural dimensions. Individualism versus collectivism is how in a society one group will prefer a much closed family system while the other group prefer belonging to an expanded family system. This cultural dimension looks at how society handles interdependence among individuals. The second cultural dimension, large versus small power distance seeks to divide a society between those few powerful groups of people who prefer power to be distributed unequally through institutions and organizations and those who feel that power should be distributed equally. This dimension addressed how a society handles inequalities amongst a people when they occur. The third cultural dimension by Hofstede, is the strong versus weak uncertainty avoidance which is, the extent to which members of a society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity .This feelings leads them to believing in promising certainty and to maintain institutions protecting conformity. He explained that a society with strong uncertainty avoidance maintained rigid codes of belief and behaviour and are intolerant of deviant people and ideas. The weak uncertainty maintain a more relaxed atmosphere in which practice counts more than principles and deviance is more tolerated. Masculinity and femininity, which is the last but not the least of the four cultural dimensions, describes masculinity as the preference, in a Society for achievements, heroism, assertiveness, and material success. Femininity on the other hand was said to represent a society where preference for relationships, modesty, caring for the weak and the quality of life is high. ACCOUNTING VALUES AND CULTURAL VALUES It is based on these Hofstedes classification of cultural dimensional differences that Gray (1988) also proposed a connection between those cultural dimensions and accounting values by specifically identifying four accounting values which includes; professionalism(implies self-regulation by the accounting profession itself) versus statutory (implies control by the government), uniformity (adherence to consistency and detailed regulations) versus flexibility (implies able to amend or adjust to suite a situation), conservatism (implies the tendency to under state profit and assets) versus optimism and secrecy (implies a preference for confidentiality) versus transparency ( implies disclosure of true state of affairs). The first two relates to authority and enforcement of accounting practice at a country level while the second two relates to the measurement and disclosure of accounting information at a country level as (cited in Nobes and Parker, 2008). Grays accounting values and Hofstedes cultural difference can be group into two categories. This paper will like to refer to these two groups as the collectivism category and the individualism category. The individualism category is made up of Professionalism, flexibility, transparency, optimism, individualism, small power distance, weak uncertainty avoidance and femininity. This category has the characteristic of self-reliance or self-interest and therefore in a society where individualism, small power distance, weak uncertainty and femininity dominate, accounting practice and financial reporting is likely to be professional, flexible, transparent and optimistic. Secondly the individuals quest for information to make decision on investments to satisfy his/her personal needs will prefer detailed report of a financial statement. This paper will like to associate this category to that of a capitalist society where the accounting regulations are not part of the common law but rather are in the hands of professional organisations of the private sector as stipulated in Alexander et al. (2009 p. 28). For instance in the UK, accounting laws and regulations are control by professional bodies such as the ACCA, CA, CIMA, and IASB. It can again be said that countries that practice the common law are also likely to practice accounting the same way. They are considered to be capitalism countries since they raises funds from the capital. They include, United Kingdom, Ireland Canada, Australia and the United States of America The second category of Hofstede cultural value difference and that of grays accounting values The collectivism category is made up of collectivism, large power distance, strong uncertainty avoidance masculinity and grays accounting values of statutory control, uniformity, conservatism and secrecy. This category has the characteristics of being control from a common source or being centrally planned. Countries or societies found to be dominant with these cultural and accounting values are more likely to practice accounting in the same way. The practice of accounting in this society or country is control by statutory institutions with detailed rules and regulations. The practice of accounting and reporting in these societies or countries will be geared towards the dictates of those in powers or in control. No detailed accounting is required and secrecy and conservatism dominates in the financial reporting (Kosmala-Maclullich, 2003). Here again this paper will associate this category of a society or a country to that of a socialist country where accounting laws and regulations are enshrine in the coded laws of the country. Governments in these countries use financial reports for their own purpose. The Democratic Republic of Germany adopted the Soviet Unions socialist ideologies after the Second World War. This adaptation included a methodological guidance in designing accounting information systems (Berry, 1982: 1890). Bailey (1990) also stipulates that the Marxism Theoreticians view the western-style accounting as an instrument for the exploitation of workers by the capitalists, accounting and financial reporting was therefore geared towards the dictates of those in authority. Young and David (1999) argued that Accounting activities at the enterprise level were focused exclusively on the preparation of reports required by the planning bureaucracy, and during this period, accounting was only seen as a primary source of information for the provision of financial statistics for the use in the preparation of budget; it was therefore a list of quantities instead of values. Accounting was more or less reduced to a clerical job; there was no professionalism in the practice. Judgemen t of reports (true and fair) was not entertained; standardisation was non-existence and so was the concept of profit, in short accounting standards and procedures were not in existence. Accounting in China Another country worth looking at is china which has a long history of cultural value which is characterise with collectivism, high in power distance, strong uncertainty avoidance and femininity. The Chinese will not mind sacrificing himself for the good collectivism or country (Yao F. 2007). The practice of accounting and reporting is control by the state under the auspices of the ministry of finance and the aim of this control is to gear the practice towards the general benefit of the planned economy. The user of accounting information is mainly the government, because most enterprises in china are owed by the state. The few individual who try to do some investments do not know much about accounting and finance. (Yao F. 2007). Although the state had accounting standards for Business Enterprises, they were just mere basic rules which were issued in conjunction with basic standards, as argued by Lin et al. (2001). There where however restrictions on some important accounting principles such as making provision for bad debts and obsolete inventories, recognition of impairments of assets, disclosure of financial information and many more. Secrecy and conservatism was dominant in financial reporting. Professionalism, transparency and flexibility were non-existence. Accountin g profession was reduced to a very low status. The dynamics of cultural values brought about a change in financial reporting by these countries with strong cultural values. As a result of the world becoming a small village and the growing of Multinational companies across the world, there is the need for comparability of financial Reports since its purpose is to help investors make informed and sound decisions. Based on the fact that the world is becoming a small place and countries need each other for their survival, most of the socialists countries like the East Germany, Portugal, Poland, Italy, and France have all adopted the capitalism system of financial reporting. The Chinese government, also have realise the need for adopting the international financial reporting standard (IFRS) which is being champion by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB), but yet it only talked about the convergence of the accounting standard and not a totally acceptance. (Yao F. 2001) Conclusion It is quite obvious that cultural values have influenced the practice and reporting of accounting and countries with similar cultural values practicing accounting similarly. With the world becoming a global village and the fast cultural changes across the world, the need for harmonization and convergence of accounting standards was given a serious consideration by centrally planned countries, but a country like China, although have made efforts to embrace international financial reporting system, is still holding on to some of its cultural accounting practices. This is an indication that so far as cultural values remain different, accounting practice will be affected and the only way out is the harmonization and convergence of accounting standards.

Patient Satisfaction

Patient satisfaction is critically important to the health care industry today due to the competitive nature of the field. Patients have many choices when it comes to seeking medical attention, and hospitals are dependent on return business to stay operational. Hospitals have traditionally utilized the semi-private room model in order to increase profitability. A semi-private room is a room shared by two patients. Each patient is given their own bed, but they usually share a single bathroom. Unfortunately the financial practice of using semi-private rooms comes at the expense of patient satisfaction. Research has shown that private rooms increase patient satisfaction, because of the decreased likelihood of nosocomial infection, a quieter environment, and the inherent privacy afforded when conducting patient care. Nosocomial Infection Perhaps the biggest challenge facing healthcare today is the epidemic of hospital acquired (nosocomial) infection. Patients come to the hospital for varying degrees of injury, or illness with the expectation of receiving medical treatment. What they are not expecting is exposure to potentially life threatening infections during their stay. According to a joint study by Jimma University and Addis Ababa University the most common causative agent found in nosocomial infection is Staphylococcus aureus. This harmful pathogen can be transmitted via direct or indirect contact. This means the pathogen can be transmitted by patient to patient contact, staff to patient contact, or the sharing of a common surface like a toilet seat (Bereket et al. , 2012). Patients in private rooms are far less likely to come into contact with each other, shared surfaces, or shared medical equipment all of which can harbor infectious microorganisms (Skocynska et al. , 2012). Standardizing the practice of private rooms can greatly reduce nosocomial infection rates within patient populations. Patient's who contract nosocomial infection are bound to have lower satisfaction rates. By reducing the nosocomial infection rate hospitals can ensure increased patient satisfaction. To make matters worse strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are becoming commonplace. MRSA is easily transmittable and resistant to most commonly used antimicrobial agents (Bereket et al. , 2012). Nosocomial infections such as MRSA result in increased length of stay, higher morbidity rates, and increased cost of hospitalization. Recent studies have shown that each exposure to a new roommate in the hospital setting results in a 10% increase in the risk of acquiring MRSA (Stall, 2012). Private rooms eliminate the possibility of exposure to MRSA infection related to roommates in the hospital setting, which vastly reduces the rate of hospital acquired MRSA infections amongst all patient populations. Reducing the spread of MRSA can result in decreased length of stay, lower morbidity rates, and decreased cost of hospitalization. A hospital concerned about patient satisfaction can see the value that private rooms have to offer when it comes to reducing MRSA exposure. Proper hygiene is also of major concern where nosocomial infection is concerned. Unfortunately staff members are usually to blame for spreading infectious microorganisms from one patient to the next. Studies have shown healthcare professionals are more likely to perform hand hygiene between patient rooms rather than between beds in the same room (Bereket et al. , 2012). This is not necessarily due to a failing on the part of healthcare professionals, but a failing of healthcare systems utilizing semi private rooms. Take this scenario for instance: a nurse is working with a patient in a semiprivate room when suddenly the bed alarm goes off on the neighboring bed. The roommate is an elderly female with Alzheimer's-dementia who recently fell at home and suffered a fractured hip. The nurse has already been in physical contact with one patient and now has to take action in order to prevent the roommate from falling. The nurse must act quickly to prevent a fall-related injury and does not have time to perform hand hygiene before assisting the roommate back to bed. This nurse would not have been put in such a position had her patients been placed in private rooms to begin with. Standardizing the use of private rooms prevents situations such as the above from occurring, promotes proper hand hygiene amongst healthcare professionals, and protects patients from unnecessary exposure to nosocomial infection. Peace and Quiet Nosocomial infection is not the only issue having a devastating effect on patient satisfaction. In fact the most common complaints in hospitals today are noise related (Eggertson, 2012). With patient satisfaction being of paramount importance hospital systems should be paying close attention to what bothers their patients. Loud roommates, visitors, medical alarms, and television sets can worsen an already noisy environment for a patient trying to get some much needed rest. Some patients need more frequent monitoring than others. A post-operative patient may need to have their vital signs checked hourly, a diabetic may need to have their blood sugars checked regularly, and a patient on a high risk infusion may need constant monitoring. This can be extremely disrupting for the patient in the neighboring bed. Some patient's may also have numerous visitors, watch TV late at night, or be just generally disruptive to their neighbor. Private rooms may not address all noise complaints in the hospital, but will at the very least resolve those related to roommates. Considering this issue is the number one patient complaint in hospitals today it is guaranteed to increase patient satisfaction. In addition to being the number one patient complaint excessive noise has been proven to cause sleep disturbances in hospitalized patients. Sleep disturbances result in increased lengths of stay, increased morbidity, and higher costs of care (Buxton et al. , 2012). Patients recovering from surgery or acute illness need undisturbed rest periods for proper healing. An unnecessarily extended, complicated, and expensive hospital stay caused by sleep deprivation is extremely detrimental to patient satisfaction. Private rooms increase the quality of sleep, reduce lengths of stay, decrease morbidity, and result in a lower cost of care. These factors result in increased patient satisfaction. Noise-related issues in hospitals not only affect the adult population, but can have deleterious effects on the infant population as well. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) often places infants in nurseries where multiple babies are cared for in the same room. NICUs consist of high risk infants with varying degrees of illness. Some of the infants being cared for require constant monitoring and intervention. This can result in a very ill infant receiving care that involves noisy alarms, life saving machinery, and ongoing care-related activity. The result is sleep disturbances, increased tress levels, and compromised healing processes for all infants in the room. Placing infants in private rooms eliminates the noise concerns created by the delivery of care for other infants and facilitates family interaction with the ill infant (Feldman, 2009). This results in better outcomes for the infants and happier parents. Considering the fact that infants are not old enough to make decisio ns regarding where to seek medical treatment, it is necessary for hospitals to recognize that parental perception of infant care is of paramount importance to patient satisfaction. Respecting Privacy Another large concern affecting patient satisfaction is related to patient privacy. In 1996 the U. S. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) instituted the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in order to protect patient privacy (HHS, 2013). HIPAA violations can have a devastating effect on a hospital's financial health, with each violation resulting in up to $1. 5 million in penalties annually (AMA, 2012). In a financially unstable economy with reimbursement rates at an all time low these penalties can add to existing budget deficits. Budget deficits in a healthcare system result in understaffing, which leads to disgruntled employees and higher patient-to-staff ratios. Understaffing leads to the degradation of patient care. A prime example of this is call bell response time. Patients do not appreciate having to wait twenty minutes for a staff member to respond to a call button. When there is a high patient to staff ratio the time it takes for staff to respond to each patient call lengthens. Unfortunately when hospital administrators make budget cuts, cutting staffing is usually where they begin. Private rooms can help prevent HIPAA violations from occurring during the delivery of care, which can save a hospital millions of dollars in penalties, and allow greater financial resources for staffing needs. A financially healthy hospital can afford to keep a reasonable patient-to-staff ratio, which allows for staff members to deliver quality care in a timely fashion, and results in greater patient satisfaction. The financial repercussions of HIPAA violations are not the only concern when it comes to patient privacy. Patient perception of measures taken to protect privacy during hospitalization has a great impact on patient satisfaction. Performing patient care while maintaining a patient's right to privacy is nearly impossible in a semi-private room. A study conducted by Juliet Whitehead and Dr. Herman Wheeler shows that patients define and conceptualize privacy by the following criteria: â€Å"Privacy of information, e. g. having one's conversation being not over heard. Privacy of person and body, e. g. not being viewed during one's private moments. Having one's own personal space. † (Whitehead & Wheeler, 2008). The very concept of sharing a room with another person makes it extremely difficult to conceptualize having personal space. The delivery of care almost always involves private bodily functions and the sharing of private information. Privacy cannot be reasonably protected in the delivery of care when two patients share a room with nothing but a curtain separating them. Private rooms increase a patient's perception of the privacy they experience during their stay, which is of great importance in increasing patient satisfaction levels. The most common form of HIPAA violations occur when healthcare is being delivered to a patient in the presence of others without obtaining the patient's informed consent (Ziel, 2004). In a semi-private room a nurse has to ask her patient if it is OK to discuss details of the patient's care in front of anyone who happens to be present at the moment. If the patient does not agree the nurse is required to provide a private setting in which to discuss, or deliver care. This means that if a patient is in a semi-private room the nurse is required to move her patient to a private area, or ask the roommate to leave while care is performed. In reality it does not happen this way in the hospital setting. Care is delivered regardless of whether or not there is a roommate present. Nurses do ask visitors to leave the room while delivering care if a patient requests, but do not ask other patients to do so. This means that privacy violations occur multiple times a day to patients in semi-private rooms. The use of private rooms makes it much easier to deliver care while protecting patient privacy and thereby increases patient satisfaction. Conclusion With the ever growing research indicating that private rooms increase patient satisfaction it is truly a wonder why some hospital systems continue to argue against the switch to private patient rooms. Whether by decreasing nosocomial infection rates, providing quieter environments, or increasing patient privacy the use of private rooms clearly has a positive impact on patient satisfaction. In an extremely competitive economy where patients have a choice where they will seek medical attention it seems only logical that patient satisfaction should be a top priority when considering the choice between private or semi-private rooms. Hospitals that chose to listen to their patient population will soon realize that private rooms result in greater patient satisfaction and return business. References American Medical Association (2013). HIPAA Violations and Enforcement. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/solutions-managing-your-practice/coding-billing-insurance/hipaahealth-insurance-portability-accountability-act/hipaa-violations-enforcement.page Bereket, W., Hemalatha, K., Getenet, B., Wondwossen, T., Solomon, A., Zeynudin, A., & Kannan, S. (2012). Update on bacterial nosocomial infections.  European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,  16(8), 1039-1044. Buxton, O., Ellenbogen, J., Wang, W., Carballeira, A., O'Connor, S., Cooper, D., & †¦ Solet, J. (2012). Sleep disruption due to hospital noises: a prospective evaluation.  Annals of Internal Medicine,  157(3), 170-179. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-3-201208070-00472 Eggertson, L. (2012). Hospital noise.  The Canadian Nurse,  108(4), 28-31. Feldman, L. (2009). Patient safety. Private rooms becoming the standard in NICUs. Hospitals & Health Networks/AHA, 83(11), 10. Lorenz , S., & Dreher, H. (2011). Hospital room design and health outcomes of the aging adult.  Herd,  4(2), 23-35. SkoczyÅ„ska, A., Sadowy, E., Krawiecka, D., Czajkowska-Malinowska, M., Ciesielska, A., Przybylski, G., & †¦ Hryniewicz, W. (2012). Nosocomial outbreak of Streptococcus pneumoniae Spain9VST15614 clone in a pulmonary diseases ward.  Polskie Archiwum Medycyny WewnÄ™trznej,  122(7-8), 361-366. Stall, N. (2012). Private rooms: a choice between infection and profit. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'association